What does a metaphor do in literature?

A metaphor is a literary device that directly compares two unlike things, suggesting that they are alike in some way. This comparison is not made using "like" or "as," which distinguishes it from a simile. By equating one thing with another, a metaphor helps to create deeper meanings and enhance the emotional resonance of the text. It allows readers to see familiar concepts in new ways, fostering a stronger connection to the themes or ideas being presented.

For instance, when a character is described as "an island of solitude," it immediately conveys feelings of isolation in a more impactful way than merely stating the character feels lonely. This vivid imagery encourages readers to engage with the text on a more imaginative level, sparking creativity and insight.

In contrast, while rhythm, specific actions, and scene-setting are essential narrative techniques, they do not encompass the defining characteristic of a metaphor, which is inherently about establishing comparisons between disparate entities.