What is an inference?

An inference is a conclusion reached based on evidence and reasoning. It involves interpreting information and drawing logical conclusions that extend beyond the straightforward facts presented. Inferences are essential in critical thinking and analytical reasoning, as they allow individuals to make connections between ideas, understand implications, and reflect on underlying meanings. This cognitive process often requires the application of prior knowledge and contextual clues to arrive at an understanding that is not immediately obvious from the data or observations at hand.

For example, if someone observes dark clouds gathering in the sky, they might infer that rain is likely to follow, even if they have not yet experienced any precipitation. This highlights how inferences go beyond mere observations or facts, relying on a deeper analysis of the available information to arrive at a logical conclusion.