Which document declared the independence of the American colonies from Britain?

The correct answer is the Declaration of Independence. This pivotal document was adopted on July 4, 1776, and it formally declared the American colonies' separation from British rule. Written primarily by Thomas Jefferson, it articulates the colonies' grievances against King George III and proclaims their right to self-governance based on principles of individual liberty and democratic governance. The Declaration is not only a historical milestone but also a foundational text that shaped the philosophy of the United States and influenced other nations in their pursuit of independence.

In contrast, The Constitution established the framework for the U.S. government after independence was already achieved. The Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution, focusing on protecting individual freedoms rather than declaring independence. The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution for the United States but were created after independence was declared to facilitate a functioning government among the states. Each of these documents plays a crucial role in American history, but it is the Declaration of Independence that specifically denotes the formal break from British authority.